The recent emergence of unusual family situations and calls for their recognition entails a re-evaluation of the concepts of parent, parenthood and filiation. What is filiation? What meaning should it hold? And how does « parent » differ from « filiation »?* As for parenthood, how does that fit in with the notions of « parent » and « filiation »? The present text considers these questions from the child’s standpoint. It provides a picture of the realities and tendencies that are attached to the subject in the western world, and more particularly in Canada.

https://www.efg.inrs.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/2006-5-Joyal.pdf